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Purim and October 7th: Lessons from the Purim Story for Today

It says in the Talmud (Taanit 29a) “משנכנס אדר מרבין בשמחה” – “when Adar enters, joy increases”. Indeed, Purim is one of our most joyous holidays: children and adults get dressed up, make noise and many get drunk – following the advice of Rava in the Talmud (Megillah 7b).

But the Book of Esther is actually very serious: Haman wanted to kill all the Jewsmen, women and childrento commit Genocide.

Therefore, in light of the October 7th war and the fact that Hamas is still holding 59 hostages, I would like to draw three serious parallels between the story of Purim and our current situation. As our Sages said,  מעשה אבות סימן לבנים, “The action of our Ancestors is a sign for their descendants”.

 

  1. We read in Parashat Zakhor this past Shabbat regarding Amalek (Deut 25:18):

“אשר קרך בדרך, ויזנב בך כל הנחשלים אחריך ואתה עייף ויגע, ולא ירא אלוהים”

     “How; undeterred by fear of God; he surprised you on the March, when you were famished and weary, and cut down all the stragglers in your rear”

     I agree with the rabbis who say that Amalek no longer exists (David Golinkin, Insight Israel, Vol. 2, 2006, pp. 59-67), but what Hamas did on October 7th  and what they would gladly continue doing, was to surprise us and to cut down men, women and children and the elderly. They too have no fear of God; they too are like Amalek.

 

  1. The second parallel is to a Midrash found in the second half of Esther Rabbah, which was apparently edited in Europe at the end of the 10th century (Midrash Esther Rabbah, eds. Tabori-Atzmon, p. 113). When Haman told Ahashverosh to destroy the Jewish people, Ahashverosh did not reply that it’s immoral. He said: look what God did to the kings who tried to destroy them!… In other words, I agree with you, but it’s futile.

Ahashverosh then convened the wise men of the nations and he said to them: Is it your desire that we destroy this nation? They too replied that God is too powerful – look what he did to Pharaoh and Sancheriv!

Haman then convinced them that God is old and weak; they then came around to his opinion and agreed to destroy Israel. (Esther Rabbah, pp. 139-141 = David Golinkin, Insight Israel, Vol. 2, pp. 197-198).

Just switch “the wise men of the nations” to the United Nations. Many of the members of the U.N. would agree with Hamas to destroy Israel. They have no moral reservations; the only thing holding them back is that the State of Israel is too strong.

 

  1. And this leads us to the third and final parallel, to the book of Esther, chapters 8-9. After Haman was hanged, Esther asked Ahashverosh to rescind Haman’s decree of Genocide. Ahashverosh replies that he cannot rescind a royal decree, but that Esther and Mordechai can send an additional decree to the Jews. Mordechai then sends a new decree to the Jews and to the Persian officials, that the Jews have the right to defend themselves and to kill their enemies.

The Jews have learned from bitter experience that they cannot rely on other countries or rulers and certainly not on the UN to defend them. They must rely on themselves. The Jews of Persia defended themselves, and so do we.

It says at the beginning of the Book of Esther, chapter 9:

“ביום אשר שברו אויבי היהודים לשלוט בהם, ונהפוך הוא אשר ישלטו היהודים המה בשונאיהם”

“On the very day on which the enemies of the Jews had expected to get them in their power, the opposite happened, and the Jews overpowered their enemies”.

This is exactly what happened to the IDF and the State of Israel after October 7th.

May God continue to give us the strength to defeat the Hamans of our days.

Purim Sameah! Am Yisrael Chai!

David Golinkin is President of The Schechter Institutes, Inc. and President Emeritus of the Schechter Institute of Jewish Studies. For twenty years he served as Chair of the Va’ad Halakhah (Law Committee) of the Rabbinical Assembly which gives halakhic guidance to the Masorti Movement in Israel. He is the founder and director of the Institute of Applied Halakhah at Schechter and also directs the Center for Women in Jewish Law. Rabbi Professor Golinkin made aliyah in 1972, earning a BA in Jewish History and two teaching certificates from The Hebrew University in Jerusalem. He received an MA in Rabbinics and a PhD in Talmud from the Jewish Theological Seminary of America where he was also ordained as Rabbi. For a complete bio click here.

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